Computer simulation of the deformation of weftknitted. Warp overlap in which warp is above weft and weft overlap in which weft is above warp. In a warp knitted structure each loop in the horizontal direction is made from different thread. Weft knitted fabrics can be produced in circular or flat knitting machine. Mar 19, 2019 cotton is the most commonly used natural fiber in knitting sector across the world. Knitted structure an overview sciencedirect topics.
Detection and classification of weft knitted fabrics. Ppt knitting technology powerpoint presentation free. Its properties are distinct from woven fabric in that it is more flexible and can be more readily constructed into smaller pieces, making it ideal for socks and hats. By contrast, the yarn in knitted fabrics follows a meandering path a course, forming symmetric loops also called bights symmetrically above and below. We will teach you about how knits are made and about the different types of yarns, so that when.
A large number of factors are responsible for causing. But after finishing the 94 inches grey width will produce 6066 inches finished with fabric. Detection and classification of weft knitted fabrics defects. Four primary base weft knitted structuresplain, rib, interlock and purlare the base structures from which all weft knitted fabrics and garments are derived. In weft knitting, the yarns fed into the machine form loops across the width of the fabric. Methodology samples were created using four different yarns and three knit structures knitted sidebyside at three different loop lengths. Effect of knitted structure on the properties of knitted fabric. Weft knitting in weft knitting, the loops are formed across width of the fabric each weft thread is fed, more or less at right angles to the direction in which the fabric is produced. The interlooping system of yarns is known as structure for knit fabrics.
Pdf fabric structure shows great impact on different properties of weft knitted fabric if processing parameters such as. In our daily life, we use different knitted fabrics. Introduction to knit fabrics university of fashion. Since the studies about weftknitted composites began then these. Geometrical model for widthwise curlings of plain knitted fabrics, textile res. Knitted fabrics figure 12 are created by intermeshing loops of yarns using knitting needles leong et al. References limiting references this place does not cover. Compositional and structural influence on some weft. Loop shape determines the dimensions of the fabric, and this shape depends upon the yarn used and the treatment that the fabric has received. Unlike woven fabric, which possesses a low degree of elongation, knitted fabric can be stretched to a considerable length and yet, when it is released, it will gradually return to its original shape and configuration. Effect of fabric structure and stitch length of courses per centimeter of the weft knitted fabrics is significant at wet and fully relaxed states.
Knitting is done by set of connected loops from a series of yarn in warp or weft direction. Double knits are weft knitted fabrics made with two sets of needle beds. Fabric structure shows great impact on different properties of weft knitted fabric if processing parameters such as. Basic studies for modeling complex weft knitted fabric. Manufacturing of weftknitted fabric reinforced composite. Each is composed of a different combination of face and reverse meshed stitches, knitted on a particular arrangement of needle beds. Cotton is the most commonly used natural fiber in knitting sector across the world. Study on the performance optimization of knitted fabric anti. By controlling the loop stitch geometry and density, a wide variety of knitted. What is warp and weft knitting textile fashion study. Interlock fabric relaxes about 3040% or more, when compared with its knitted width. In the more common weft knitting, the wales are perpendicular to the course of the yarn. A plain weft knitted fabric, based on the simple loop structure, is simplified and represented by a. The order of interlacement of warp and weft threads at right angles is known as structure of woven fabrics.
Think almost all knitting techniques except short rows and some. How doloop length, structure combination, yarn type, and fiber type impact arcing knitters have the option to set 2. It is usually knitted with one piece of yarn, and can be made either by hand or using a knitting machine. A new method for predicting the deformation behaviour and the related mechanical properties of weftknitted fabrics is presented. Pdf study on different types of knitting faults, causes. The fabrics produced from compact yarns are found to have better abrasion resistance, higher burst strength, less pilling tendency, better dye absorption, and dyeability in more vivid colors.
In his compact planned structure, the course p and wales w. Depending on the type of the interloping, they can be classified as weft knitted structures fig. These additional yarns are not knit, rather they are held by the loops in each course of the fabric. Pdf effect of knitted structure on the properties of knitted fabric. Dec 15, 2015 analysis the basic structure of weft knitting fabric. In order to develop the relationship of stitch length in terms of yarn diameter, wales and course spacing he considered the flat structure of plain weft knitted fabric as shown in figure 2.
The basic element of a knit fabric structure is the loop intermeshed with the loops adjacent to it on both side and above and below it. Fiber reinforced textile structures such as woven fabrics, directionally. The inserted yarn may be decorative or functional like stretch yarn. We start by demonstrating the difference between woven and knit fabrics and then how knits are structured. Fabric structures for protective textiles spinning. Four primary base weft knitted structures buenknit. Analysis of physical properties the authors 2016 and. Compositional and structural influence on some weftknitted. Burst strength, compact yarn, pilling, ring yarn, weft knitted fabric 1 introduction. In order to overcome the existing technology aims to make weft basketwork structure of a single organization, edge sex is bad, or cant produce rich weft knitted fabric appearance of shortage, provide a resistance to edge weft knitted fabric weaving method. Depending on the direction in which the loops are formed, knitted fabrics may be broadly categorized into two typeswarp knitted fabrics figure 12a and weft knitted fabrics figure 12b. Basic concept of weft knitted structures textile learner.
Weft knitting is a knitted piece of fabric where the stitches run from left to right horizontally across the fabric. Paper open access related content 3d printing of weft knitted. Basically warp and weft knitting process are totally different from one to another. Geometrical modelling of jacquard quilted structures weft knitted. Knitting may be done by hand or by machine knitting creates stitches.
Unlike woven fabric, which possesses a low degree of elongation, knitted fabric can be stretched to a considerable length and yet, when it is released, it will gradually return to its original shape and. Like weaving, knitting is a technique for producing a twodimensional fabric made from a onedimensional yarn or thread. This chapter discusses the structure and mechanical behaviour of knitted fabrics. You will learn the meaning of terms like knit and purl, wale and course and how a weft knit differs from a warp knit. A horizontal row of loops can be made using one thread runs in horizontal direction. Double knits are made from the interlock stitches and its variations.
The two different kinds of knitted structures, warp and weft, are described. An automatic fabric evaluation system is developed to analyze knit structures and objectively evaluate fabric properties. Feb 15, 2015 weft knitting is knitting across the fabric and the term is mainly used when you are machine knitting. Weft knitting is the most common form of knitting as it is simpler than warp knitting, the other form of knitting. The knitted structure affects significantly on the mechanical and tearing behavior of biaxial weft knitted fabric during the multiaxial loading. In the rib stitch, loops of the same course are drawn to both sides of the fabric. Weft knit definition is a knit fabric produced in machine or hand knitting with the yarns running crosswise or in a circle. Process flow chart of weft knitting textile flowchart. The fabric structure is different from one from another. Knitted fabric is a textile that results from knitting. Geometrical modeling for biaxial weft knitted fabrics. In weaving, threads are always straight, running parallel either lengthwise warp threads or crosswise weft threads.
This study was carried out to find out the changes lyocell fiber can bring to weftknitted fabric properties in respect of cotton and the possibility of using both cotton and lyocell. Oct 27, 2018 in order to develop the relationship of stitch length in terms of yarn diameter, wales and course spacing he considered the flat structure of plain weft knitted fabric as shown in figure 2. Knitted structure are progressively built up by converting newly fed yarn into new loops in the needle hooks, the needles then draw. Figure 3shows the simulated structural image of the fabric. The results of this examination of arcing in knitted structures will be of interest to designers, academicians, and industry. Pdf effect of knitted structure on the properties of. Pdf study on different types of knitting faults, causes and. Most of the knitted fabrics are produced by weft knitting. Jacquie wilson, in handbook of textile design, 2001. Knitted structures are built by interlooping of yarns. Hatra was thus able to establish three basic laws governing the behavior of knitted structure. Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric. The yarn is feed into the needle along the warp direction and knitted into fabric.
Variation of woven cloth structure depends on following foundational factors. Geometrical modeling for biaxial weft knitted fabrics based. In weft knitting, yarn is knitted horizontally and in a circular form. To verify the proposed geometrical model, the biaxial weft knitted fabric based on rib structure has been produced from polyester yarn on a modern flat knitting. Fabric images are captured with a ccd camera, and digital images are. In the plain stitch, each loop is drawn through others to the same side of the fabric. We succeeded to detect weft knitted fabric defects and classify defects on the weft circular knitting machine at the same.
In contrast, warp knitted structures are built from several. Knits tend to be poor insulators of wind, however, because their loose structure allows the wind to blow through the fabric and thus remove the entrapped dead air. Paper open access related content 3d printing of weft. A new method for predicting the deformation behaviour and the related mechanical properties of weft knitted fabrics is presented.
Many knitted fabrics provide excellent insulation because the knitted fabric structure enables the blocking and entrapment of dead air, which is the basis for thermal insulation. Here i only given some basic knowledge about weft knit structure, by which we can generally identify different types of weft knitted fabric. But lyocell is also gaining popularity these days in knitting sector due to its unique properties and environment friendliness. Pdf in various knitting structures knitted fabrics are characterized in different extensibility in a. Weft knitting is knitting across the fabric and the term is mainly used when you are machine knitting. Knitted fabrics and types list of knitted fabrics textile. In order to simulate the deformation behaviour of a knitted fabric using finite element analysis fea, it is necessary to set up a fea model which can represent the characteristic structure of the fabric. The yarn is feed into the needle along the weft direction and knitted into fabric. Weft knit definition of weft knit by merriamwebster.
Different types of knit fabrics with pictures fiber2apparel. Characteristics of fabrics knitted with basic knitting. Plain weftknitted structure and its derivatives fall in this group, and fig. Weft knitted fabric can be produced on a number of different types of knitting machines.
In this method the fabric is produced by simple up and down movement of the needles, which is provided by the profile of a cam system. Original article analysis of physical properties and structure design of weftknitted spacer fabric with high porosity chaoyu chen1, zhaoqun du1, weidong yu1 and tilak dias2 abstract the main content dealt with in the paper is to present a kind of weftknitted spacer fabric with high porosity. Geometrical modelling of jacquard quilted structures weft. This study was carried out to find out the changes lyocell fiber can bring to weft knitted fabric properties in respect of cotton and the possibility of using both cotton and lyocell. Circular or flat bar machines using a latch needle can produce both fabrics and knitting garments. Structure and mechanics of knitted fabrics sciencedirect. The process involves the use of two pairs of needles set at an angle to each other. In this series of papers, some extensions of plain knit ted model are given as basic works to obtain the models of more complex structures. In this fabric structure, two independent fabric layers are knitted using two separate yarns. A structure produced by the needles of both needle beds is called rib structure or double jersey having the same appearance on both sides of the fabric. Biaxial weft knitted fabrics can be produced based on different structures, namely rib, interlock and plain weft knitted fabrics.
A 30 inch diameter circular knitting machine will produce 94 inches open width fabric after slitting the tubular fabrics. Loop length is the fundamental unit of weft knitted structure. Analysis the basic structure of weft knitting fabric. It is well known that weft knitted fabrics tend to undergo large changes in dimensions and are often prone to distortion upon repeated laundering. In contrast, the interlocked loops in a knit material deform and slide readily, leading to a highly extensible sheet with dramatic changes in smallscale structure as the material stretches. Geometrical modelling of plain weft knitted fabrics. The fabric weight is mainly determined by the liner layer. The type of stitch used in weft knitting affects both the appearance and properties of the knitted fabric. Sweater is made by this warp knitting techniques weft knitting. This lesson is the first in our 7part series on working with knit fabrics. In this study, a rib knitted structure was chosen to produce the bi. Online weft knitted fabric defect detection was tested automatically by analyzing fabric images captured by a digital camera using gabor wavelets and classification identification these fabric defects to known classes.
The rough surface is a result of the connecting yarn in the weaving of the front and back layers. In a weft knitted structure a horizontal row of loops can be made using one thread and the thread runs in the horizontal direction. Plain weft knitted structure and its derivatives fall in this group, and fig. In this context we deal with the widthwise curlings in this part i of the series. Knitting technology definition and types of knitted. Pdf the influence of knitting structure on mechanical properties. Effect of knitted structures and yarn count on the. A twodimensional hexagonal mechanical model is derived, which is based on the geometrical structure of plainstitch fabric. Most of the knitted fabric is produced by weft knitting. Mainly we can identify any types of knitted fabric by appearance. Depending on the fabrics design knitted fabrics can be as follow.
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